Accountability is Necessary For Success †Government Essay

Accountability is Necessary For Success – Government Essay Free Online Research Papers Accountability is Necessary For Success Government Essay In this paper a correct delivery system is only understood with the accountability of the actors who are responsible of providing services to the public. Accountability is a necessary condition for a successful public delivery. Enabling agencies and delivery agencies have responsibility towards each other and to users’ needs. In this essay two different relationships are identified in the delivery system’s framework, between government and administration and between the members of the administration themselves. The market also appears as another provider of services. The literature stresses the lack of accountability and communication links between state and providers, which have negative effects on the services offered to users, whose â€Å"voices† are not always listened to. The answer to this situation is a reform of the institutional relationships marked especially by the creation of alternative organisms, which would assume state’s functions in order to fill its public delivery gaps, and which would implement the participation of the users in the decision-making sphere. 1. Accountability of institutions. Since the last decades of the 19th century the state has had the role of service delivery, that was consolidated after the Second World War with the creation of the Welfare State. This service delivery carried out through the tools of bureaucracy has been quite successful but also has failed in some countries in the form of capitalism, communism and democracy, which are all different ways of interpreting how the state should deliver public services. An state without bureaucracy may be an â€Å"ideal† for many people, but a society needs to be organized in some way to avoid situations of chaos. At the moment, the only feasible way known is through bureaucracy. All societies need the accountability of the actors responsible for delivering public services to the users. Lack of accountability is very often the reason why the delivery system fails in some countries. In the words of Day and Klein (1987) â€Å"it is precisely the day-by-day accountability, in which the rulers explain and justify their actions directly to the ruled, which distinguishes a democratic society from an elective tyranny†. They added that â€Å"who says democracy, it is tempting to say, also says accountability†. They identify an obligation of the rulers to explain and justify their public conduct. The World Bank (2004) identifies five common features in the accountability relationships among the actors of the delivery service which go beyond the mere responsibility of justifying the state’s actions but involves all the stages in the delivery process: delegating, financing, performing, informing and enforcing. These accountability features are explained by this organization, for instance, through relationships such as those between employer and employee, sellers and buyers and government and citizens. An example is when citizens of a town choose a group of people who are designated with power to act (delegation) and to establish tax and budgets (finance), as well as to supply citizens with the necessary services (performance). Voters will assess the executive’s performance taking into account the experience and the information that they have received and which will be useful to improve and enforce a better performance where necessary (enforcement). Another example of accountability relationship can be seen in a company where the employer employs people who are paid (finance) for doing a job (delegation). The performance of the workers gives the employer useful information in order to enforce and improve the quality of the employees work (enforcement). The weakness in any of these aspects of accountability means the failure of the public delivery chain. In order to fill the gap of the traditional bureaucratic system new organisms have been created to take over some of the state’s roles (NGO’s, users associations,) and some institutional actions have been put in practice, such as privatization, decentralization, participatory methods or contracting external agencies. At the moment, none of them have led to a perfect delivery system. Relationships between enabling and delivery agencies. In the chain of the delivery system three different actors can be found: the state (policy makers), providers (organizations, front-line workers) and users (individual or coalitions). All the agencies in charge of providing health, education, security, water supply and social security are included as providers. Source: The World Bank (2004) Under the framework of the enabling agencies and delivery agencies they can be found the relationships between providers and the state, among providers themselves and between the state and the market. The first set of relationships consists of agreements established between policymakers and delivery organizations. The World Bank (2004) calls these relationships as â€Å"compacts†, as they are not always considered enforceable as a contract -even if it is a form of compact. Instead, it is a long-route relationship between both actors (organizations-state) in which the government is accountable to provide delivery agencies with the necessary resources and means to undertake their job. In other words, policymakers delegate power to administrations responsible for delivering public services to users through public service agreements. The second set of relationships is an internal one among members of the delivery agency. Frontline-workers need to be given with the training and tools by managers to carry out their job. They have to be able to identify the user’s needs and develop a bottom-up relationship with them. A good co-ordination among the members of the delivery agencies is an essential requisite to achieve the objectives established by policymakers, and especially in order to answer users’ demands. Thus, frontline workers need to have very well-designed instructions, financial and technical capability and motivation to undertake their task with professional autonomy and initiative (World Bank, 2004). Moreover, sometimes, the enabling system lacks the necessary information about the provider’s needs. Absence of communication between state and providers is a common feature in the delivery chain, resulting in a failure in the whole delivery system. Policymakers should be better informed about the user’s needs and this should be reflected on the instructions that they give to the providers. The long route public service may be one of the causes of the missing information required for a more effective delivery system. The relationship between enabling and delivering agencies should change according to the users’ different needs. Hobley and Shield (2000) argue that one of the most common feature of the present public sector is its rigidity to adapt itself to new public demands. It is due, perhaps, to the lack of communication and co-ordination between policymakers and providers and also, among organizations managers and frontline-workers. Without clear objectives it is very difficult to improve the organizations’ activities and to innovate. Some states have been successful in delivering services, but the problem is when it is intended an improvement of its the quality services. For the World Bank (2004) in systems that lack accountability public service jobs are given as political favors which create relationships of political obligation. Managers and frontline-workers perform according private interests instead to the general citizens’ interest. It is very difficult to control the job of providers due to the million of interactions that every day take place in the public delivery scope, but on the other hand, stricter control may affect the performance of providers as the may feel frustrate under stronger pressure. Another constraint to the relationships of accountability is the multiple pressures under which providers work. They have to answer to the needs and interests of different segments of population. It requires different resources and enough staff which some administrators have not been provided with. The market, as another service provider, requires strong relationships with the state to offer quality services. The state is able to provide the market with adequate right conditions to make it successful (infrastructures, regulation, etc.) and the market may also provide the state with valuable information about the user’s needs. Market organizations are autonomous, which involves the management of the frontline providers in a more efficient way than public organizations do. Also, competitiveness makes them adopt innovations in the delivery of services. The problem is that the market responds exclusively to the needs of the customers with purchasing power instead of the satisfaction of individual objectives, without having into account the necessity of an universal access (World Bank, 2004). Delivering to users. According to Cornwell and Gaventa (2001) a lot of attention is being today paid to increase the responsibility and accountability of â€Å"institutions and policies through changes in institutional design and on enabling structures for good governance†. For these authors a public delivery system only will work correctly with a responsive state which covers the needs of the public and with a civil society able to express the needs of users and to demand transparency from the enabling and providers agencies. Camay and Gordon (2004) suggested that users and government should have reciprocal obligations to fulfil, in order to make their relationships effective and the public service delivery successful. They argue that both have to be transparent and accountable with their actions and to be prepared to negotiate the potential conflict and inequalities resulted by resource allocation. They add that civil society has to ensure that governments respect the rule of law when delivering services, to make sure that it is done under equity frameworks. They think that governments should also respect the autonomy and individuality of civil society and enable political and social space for their participation. More fluent communication processes should take place between both actors, so that users would be able to inform the government what services they think are realistic and feasible, according to their experience. They conclude saying that the state should then be focused in delivering these serv ices of priority to people. The abuse of power from policymakers leads to the public to claim alternative mechanisms –other than elections- to make governments accountable (World Bank, 2004). Thus, throughout the history, have been developed different ways to allow citizens to participate in the decision-making process, like ways of exercising their voice through consultation (plebiscites, citizens juries, participatory evaluation and technical assessment) designed to inform the government and to influence in the delivery system. According to the European Commission (2004) the fact that users can influence the decision that affects their lives is clearly an important indicator of the health of the democratic political process and therefore of institutional relationships. So this influence would depend basically on two factors: openness of political institutions to people’s voice and the capacity of people themselves to articulate their requirements. An example of this is during the Spanish dictato rships, when Francos’ government eliminated all kind of citizens organizations to silence their â€Å"voice†. When the relationship between the enabling system and the delivery system does not work correctly it has a significant effect on the users and on the relationships that they may develop with providers and the state. When the state is not accountable to their citizens they find it difficult to translate their experience and knowledge about the service delivery into public power, in order to claim a better public performance. Moreover, especially in developing countries, the chances of poor people of improving their living standard are very little. An example of performance failure between the agencies responsible for delivering services can be seen during the Green Revolution. Small farmers of developing countries found many bureaucratic obstacles from institutions when asking for the tools in order to adopt a new farm system based on new technologies. It was due basically to the lack of co-ordination between these agencies, which stopped farmers to access on time to the new technolo gies and compete in equal terms in the market. Therefore, they remained in clear disadvantage regarding to those with closest relationships with the government (Shepherd, 1998). The deception with the enabling agencies due to cases of corruption, lack of accountability to the users’ needs and the absence of communication between policymakers and providers have led the citizens to think about alternative ways in which they may play a more active part in the decisions of this are process of decentralization or devolution or the creation of NGO’s. According to Edwards et all. (1999) the tasks assumed by NGO’s are to fill the gap left by the public service (complementing), acting as representative of people’s interests (reforming) and as watchdogs of the state (opposing the state). Civil society therefore assumes more and more state’s functions An improvement of the service delivery requires the reform of the whole institutional relationship system and of the inadequate institution arrangements. According to the World Bank (2004) given the failure of the traditional long way model of service provision, the alternative is to relay more in the short way, which involves a more direct contact between enabling system and users. An example of this is the case of doctors willing a reform of the British National Health system giving more direct control and power to users through the payment of a basic insurance plan defined by law. Institutional reform requires not only the change of the relationship between providers and the state, but also between delivery agencies and users. Civil servants have to provide the public with a more professional service which would take into account the needs of people in most disadvantage positions and whose voice is not often head. To achieve a better front-line work will not be possible if there is not previously more clear objectives and commitment from the state with the public. Conclusion. All members of the delivery chain should be accountable to each other in order to achieve the common interests in the society. At the moment there is no society in the world which enjoys a perfectly balanced public delivery process, even if some of them have achieved good level of democracy and equity in the provision of services. When the state is not accountable in the specification of objectives and instructions to the manager administrators they will not be able to provide the frontline-workers with the information and tools necessary for a correct delivery. Also, citizens need to be able to express their voice to demand a better role from the state. It is a vicious circle than only will be possible to break with a reform of the institutional arrangements. Common institutional reforms that have taken place in some countries are decentralization and devolution of the state’s power whose efficiency is still being questioned by the public. Other important change in the scope of the delivery system is the emerge of civil organizations aimed at increasing the voice of the citizens and at failing the gap left by governments. The role of these organizations is also questioned by the public even if they have contributed, in some cases, to improve the conditions of people in most disadvantaged conditions, especially in the Third World. The market also plays an important role as a provider of services but most of time performs according to particular interests. Due to it, the market does not represent an alternative for the public service, especially for these people without purchasing power. The market would be an alternative only if takes more in consideration universal access to the service that it delivers. In conclusion, a total reform of the institutional relationship is very difficult to achieve due to the complexity of the societies and the difficulty of conveying the interests and needs of all different population segments. References. Bibliography. Day, P. and Klein, R., 1987. Accountabilities. Five Public Services. London New York: Tavistock Publications. Hobley, M. and Shields, D., 2000. Overseas Development Institute (ODI). The Reality of Trying to Transform Structures and Processes: Forestry in Rural Livelihoods. Working Paper 132. Sepherd, A. (1998). Sustainable Rural Development. London New New York: MacMillam Press LTD. St. Martin Press, INC. Webs. Camay, P. and Gordon, A., 2004. Some Basic Principles for Meeting the Challenges of Civil Society. Government Relations. CORE, Johannesburg. http//: www.ids.ac.uk/ids/civsoc/PolicyBriefs/policy6.doc (Viewed in March 2004) Cornwall, A. and Gaventa, J., 2001. Bridging the Gap: Citizenship, Participation and Accountability. PLA Notes 40. http//: www.worldbaknk.org/participation/PRSP/plna/plan_04007.pdf (Viewed in March 2004) Edwards, M. et all., 1999. Global Policy Forum. NGOs in a Global Future. Conference Backgroung Paper. Birmingham. globalpolicy.org/ngos/role/intro/gen/2000/111400.htm#11 (Viewed in March 2004) European Commission, 2004. Democracy and Human Rights. http://europa.eu.int/comm/development/body/theme/rurpol/outputs/diagnostic/html/3_1_3.htm (Viewed in March 2004) World Bank, 2004. World Development Report 2004. The framework for Service Provision. Chap. 3, pgs. 46-61. www.worldbank.org/files/30031_ch3.pdf (Viewed in March 2004) Research Papers on Accountability is Necessary For Success - Government EssayThe Project Managment Office SystemInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andBringing Democracy to AfricaOpen Architechture a white paperAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

Trade and world output Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Trade and world output - Essay Example This paper seeks to not only survey what trade and world output are all about but to also show their relation. Trade may be construed top refer to the business of transacting i.e. buying and selling of securities or commodities. It is also called commerce. Alternatively, trade may also refer to the willing transfer of goods or services or a combination of both from one party to another. One party is termed as the seller and the other the buyer or consumer. Therefore, for a transaction to be complete, and therefore say that trade has taken place, there must be the buyer, the seller, the commodity presented as goods or services or both and above all willingness for transfer of the commodities at agreed terms. Initially, the kind of trade done by our fore fathers was mainly barter trade but presently, many businessmen negotiate transactions through a medium of exchange called money. The two many types of trades may be distinguished by the number of parties involved in a transaction. For instance, trade between two traders or businessmen is termed as bilateral trade whereas that between more tha n two is said to be multilateral trade (US Congress, 1984). On the other hand the concept of world output needs to be understood before its relationship with trade can be highlighted. World Output is also called Gross world product (GWP) and it is the sum total Gross National Product (GNP) of all the nations in the whole world. Further, to understand GWP, there is need to define what GNP is all about. GNP is the measure of the average output of a country. Therefore, when all the average outputs of all countries in the world are added together they give the GWP. Gross Domestic Product, GDP also called Gross Domestic Income, GDI, of a country is the is the total cost of all the finished goods and services produced that particular country within stipulated period of time (usually a year). The other meaning of GDP is the sum total of all profits at every level of production of the finished goods and products in a country in a year. GDP is slightly different from GNP in that GNP, in its calculation includes foreign income usually in terms of inve stment which is not the case with GDP. Therefore, as said earlier, the GNP of each country is very important in the determination of the world output (Stutely, 2003). In the establishment of the relation between GNP and world output otherwise called GWP trade is implied because GNP is said to be the measure of the output of nationals in a given country. It usually focuses mainly on the parties that own the production. For instance, the measure of GNP revolves around American firms without regard of their location. The firms are the owners of production and this production is nothing without trade. Come to think of production: Purchase of raw material, conversion into finished goods and selling of the finished goods. So you reckon that trade is at every level of production and this production determined GNP ant this automatically tells us that trade determines or rather plays a major role in GNP and since sum total of GNP of all countries realizes the GWP, then trade determines GWP. This conclusion points to the relation between trade and world output (GWP) which simply boils down to a simple statement that the more the trade either bilateral or m ultilateral, the more the world output and vice versa. In 2005 the GWP rose by 4%. The growth was of course caused by increments in GNP of most countries with China leading the list with 9.3% followed by

Walmart Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Walmart - Essay Example This is done to maintain the quality in Hard Rock Cafà ©. They have rating scale from 1 to 7. If it fails to achieve scale of 7 then the quality and service is believed to be not up to the mark. For efficient process and capacity design, Hard Rock Cafà © educates their staffs to present high quality entertainment. They design the facility through exclusive design, procuring and displaying unique music related merchandizes that includes Jimi Hendrix’s guitars and music events. Hard Rock Cafà © follows a systematic approach for location. It narrows down the search from the country to a city then a particular street corner. They try to enter the right market at the right time (University of Mizzou, 2011). Since it’s a theme restaurant, strategies include music, different visuals and memorabilia. The theme is used to expose memorabilia to customers for the purpose of sales. A dynamic working environment is present and that needs to be inculcated among the staffs. Hard Rock Cafà © inventories consist of merchandize that are related to the history of rock, i.e. memorabilia, special menus and decorations. They have spent approximately US$ 40 million for collecting rocks-and-roll memorabilia inventories. The outsourcing of the supply chain management assists in reducing the transportation cost, optimizes the distribution network and reduces operational cost by 20% (Avicon, 2003). The schedule is flexible as customers are mostly tourist and this is done to render service according to their demand and culture. With regards to maintenance, they provide exclusive activities and excellent performances. The unique music collection are rotated and shared between branches globally. Avicon, (2003). Avicon Leads Hard Rock Cafe’s Successful Transition to Outsourced Logistics, Fulfillment and Distribution. Avicon Engagement to Provide Improved Working Capital, Inventory Management and Operating Margins. Retrieved Online on March 03, 2011

Yahoo Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Yahoo Corporation - Essay Example Other means through which the corporation raises revenues is through selling wide ranges of premium services with higher competition arising from Google as well as facebook corporations, which are leaders within the industry (Clausse 4-18). Ease of entry by compotators within the industry and increased threats of substitutes represents the competitive external environment of the corporation. This therefore empowers the consumers to have higher bargaining power, which influences the general consumer behaviors in spending as well as consumption. Though the company performed excellently well in the past years especially before the technological advancement to have other global movers like the social media platforms, the company have lost great market segment to the compotators which have greatly influenced the shape of digital advertising as it is today. This caused the company loose lots of revenues but efforts are underway in reclaiming the corporation’s competitive advantage through capitalizing on the corporation’s strengths and improving on the weaknesses. The company’s SWOT analysis shows strategic opportunities and strengths that could be exploited for the improved performance while improving on the weakness and overcoming the threats (MarketLine, 4-10). Strengths: In among other strategic strengths that are pointed out with the corporation is very strong business brand as well as great talent in designing and marketing of the company’s products. It has very powerful trading partners besides having commendable customer service across the nations. The e-commerce expertise as well as integration of customer services such as search engines and the photo sharing also show great strengths within the corporation. Weaknesses: the company suffers quite slow speed in innovation and launching of new products, which accounts largely to strategic strengths with the competitors. Frequent managerial changes contribute greatly to the

Migration and Disease in Africa during European Imperialism Essay

The Relationship between Migration and Disease in Africa during European Imperialism During the era of European Imperialism, from approximately 1880 to 1930, an increasing number of Europeans began to colonize West Africa. Because of this colonization many African natives migrated eastward, inadvertently transporting diseases to which the East Africans were not immune (Ransford 76). This phenomenon can be explained through examining the implications of geographical isolation, the effects of large-scale migration, and alluding to a specific example of disease transference in Africa from the west to the east. Because of geographic isolation, human societies develop either genetic or cultural defenses against certain types of disease, an adaptation that keeps them free from major endemic devastation (Patterson 3). K. David Patterson, Associate Professor of History, describes the African environment as â€Å"extremely dangerous for outsiders† and goes on to say that Europeans â€Å"generally found Africa’s ‘fevers’ and ‘fluxes’ deadly until the beginning of tropical medicine in the late nineteenth century† (7). Similarly, once the geographic and cultural barriers between West and East Africa were broken down, they became extremely vulnerable to the other’s infectious diseases (Azevedo 121). Nevertheless, Europe had still not entered into the scene, maintaining the balanced east versus west arrangement. Fear of the diseases, unsavory climate, shallow rivers and impassible swamps all deterred Europe from colonizing Africa (Ransford, 8). However, beginning in the late nineteenth century, the deterrence was outweighed by the pressures of European Imperialism, and many Europeans fled to the African front. ... ...n Congo, specifically. It is extremely detailed in content, yet covers a variety of issues including imperialism, disease, climate, and indigenous tribes of the African Congo. http://www.rbm.who.int (Roll Back Malaria – WHO) A link that describes the malaria issues facing Africa currently. Malaria, along with sleeping sickness had a profound effect on the history of Africa during the Imperialist era. Specifically, this website advertises Roll Back Malaria which is an international mission to increase and hopefully help prevent future malaria epidemics. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/trypanosomiasis/default.htm (CDC) This link goes to the Center for Disease Control and provides some basics about West and East African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). It also includes a weekly Morbidity and Mortality Report (MMWR).

Poetry is often written as a result of reflecting on an intense emotional experience or a significant event

Q: Poetry is often written as a result of reflecting on an intense emotional experience or a significant event. Examine the techniques used by one poet to convey the significance of an experience or event which gave rise to a poem or a sequence of poems. â€Å"Daddy†is a very emotional poem by Sylvia Plath. She wrote it just before she committed suicide in the early 1960's. It is a very angry poem which is centred around Plath's relationship with her father, who died when she was much younger. Much of her anger and emotion arises from this event. Despite the fact that he has been dead for some time, it is still certain that she feels affected by it. The first verse of the poem creates the tone followed throughout, and helps to set the rest of the poem in context: â€Å"You do not do not do, you do not do Anymore, black shoe In which I have lived like a foot For thirty years, poor and white, Barely daring to breathe or Achoo.† Here, the poet is stating that they have â€Å"†¦lived like a foot for thirty years†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , a simile that is giving the sense that she has felt oppressed for her whole life, as living â€Å"like a foot† is a claustrophobic image, showing how she cannot break free of the â€Å"black shoe† which it is made apparent is representing her â€Å"daddy† figure. The opening line, â€Å"You do not do†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is similar to how a parent would tell a child off, but the poet is reversing the role here, and so her anger at her father is shown straight away. The whole of the first verse is an extended metaphor, to convey the poet's anger at feeling trapped all of her life by the death of her father. The line â€Å"Barely daring to breathe of Achoo.† shows how this has given her a sense of claustrophobia, not being able to escape from a â€Å"black shoe† â€Å"black† appearing throughout the poem, giving connotations of evil, the poet exag gerates in order to express her feelings on her father, and her anger at his death. In verse two, she refers to him as â€Å"marble heavy, a bag full of God†, which represents how he has been weighing her down. The use of the word â€Å"God† is to give the sense that her father has been the all-powerful force in her life until now. â€Å"Daddy, I have had to kill you.† reveals the intent behind her writing the poem, to enable her to â€Å"purge† her father out of her life at last. For the poet, â€Å"Daddy† is a cathartic experience, and this is communicated to the reader because her anger is apparent in the accusing tone used, she's addressing the problems in her life and pointing the finger at him. She describes him here in the second verse as a â€Å"Ghastly statue† saying that there is something sinister about him, â€Å"statue† refers to how he has been immovable, ever-present in her life even after his death. The image of him described in verses two and three focuses on the scale of him. â€Å"One gray toe, big as a Frisco seal/And a head in the freakish Atlantic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  – he is continental. It's almost as if he is too much, and the poet cannot handle the amount that she has built him up in her mind, so much that it almost takes over. But, not all of her fe elings towards her father are negative: â€Å"I used to pray to recover you, Ach, du.† The note of longing present here prevents the poem from simply becoming an angry rant, it's clear that she poet is conflicted on how to feel. The fact that she uses the German language also helps to emphasise how much he has impacted her life, as he was German-American. The tone of the poem is enhanced by the harsh, building rhythm, and the fricative language used. The rhythm builds into a sort of crescendo, and the language used contains a lot of words with an â€Å"oo† sound, similar to the word â€Å"you†, the accusation coming through, her anger at him showing. The repetition of certain words like â€Å"†¦wars,wars,wars†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , â€Å"†¦ich,ich,ich,ich†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"†¦back, back, back†¦Ã¢â‚¬  add to the marching rhythm which drives the poem. By the time we get to the heart of this long rant of a poem the imagery relating to her father deliberately becomes confused with that of Nazi atrocities. Furthermore, sometimes Plath's attitude towards her father seems to be more suited to that of a lover; how for instance she sees him as the â€Å"†¦black man who/Bit my pretty red heart in two.† The experience of her father's death had led her to identify with victims of Nazism, which could be seen as particularly self-indulgent on her part, as the comparison seems to be out of balance. â€Å"An engine, an engine Chuffing me off like a Jew. A Jew to Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen. I began to talk like a Jew. I think I may well be a Jew.† And similarly, her comparisons of her father to a Nazi: â€Å"I have always been scared of you, With your Luftwaffe, your gobbledygoo And your neat mustache, And your Aryan eye, bright blue. Panzer-man Panzer-man, O You–† This dynamic she paints of her, the victim, and her father, the oppressor is clearly an exaggeration. Her father's death, however, has made her so angry at him that she sees it fit to draw such comparisons. Her experience of her father's death has forced her to identify with Jews, oppressed by Nazis, the way she has felt oppressed by her father for her whole life. But, this aspect of the poem is juxtaposed with the poet addressing her father in an intimate way, she describes him here as a â€Å"Panzer-man†, representing the glamour of the Second World War, a sort of figure of longing. She refers to father as â€Å"daddy† – â€Å"You stand at the blackboard, daddy/In the picture I have of you.† This emphasises how she has been unable to move on, he has never become a â€Å"father† to her, he is frozen in time as her â€Å"daddy†, although he is still a figure of authority to her. It is because of this inability to move on from the death of her father that she states she has â€Å"made a model† of him, in her husband, â€Å"A man in black with a Meinkampf look.† It's almost as if her husband has been a substitute for her father being absent in her life, and in the end, he does her no good either, she says he â€Å"drank my blood for a year.† referring to how he drained life from her, and in marrying a man that reminds her of her father, it did not offer a solution at all. The poem acts as a way of exorcising her father from her life, but she also refers to her husband in this aspect – â€Å"If I've killed one man I've killed two.†, the poem has been a stake through the heart of both her â€Å"daddy† figure and her husband, referenced to in the last verse (â€Å"There's a stake in your fat black heart† – the poem is the stake, it has killed him). By the end of the poem when she claims â€Å"Daddy, daddy, you bastard, I'm through.†, it can be interpreted in more than one way. The first, that she is through with her â€Å"daddy† that she has exorcised him from her life at last. But secondly, that it has been too much, that the burden has killed her – Sylvia Plath committed suicide soon after the poem was written. â€Å"Daddy† is full of emotion. It allows the poet to exorcise her father from her life, and so it is conflicted and features anger, love and the accusing tone highlights the poet's feelings towards her father, how she hates him for his death early in her life, but there are hints of longing throughout. The Nazi imagery used in the poem could be said to be self-indulgent of the poet, but it is perhaps justified in that she has carried the burden of mourning for her father for the majority of her life. The poet shows her father as an evil figure, so it is easy for the reader to sympathise with her, although it is important to remember that the image she paints of him is exaggerated and so the only â€Å"bad† thing he did was to die too early in Plath's life. And so, the poem could be interpreted as a rant at her dead father, but to the poet, he's been present in her mind throughout her life, and â€Å"Daddy† was how she was able to rid herself of him.

Why Did The Mexican Revolution Start - 1846 Words

The Mexican Revolution, Where they killed the country s longest serving president, 900,000 people lost their lives, and nearly every major revolutionary leader was assassinated. â€Å"Poor Mexico† so far from God and so close to the United States.† A quote from the long serving leader, Porfirio Dà ­az. Dà az served a record, seven terms as president of Mexico, resulting in a total of three and a half decades. How did Dà ­az serve such a long time? About 35 years to be exact. Well people say â€Å"Mexican president Porfirio Dà ­az is best known for establishing a strong centralized state during his term, but some say â€Å"Diaz reigned using a campigne of bullying, intimidating citizen into supporting him.† Also, people said â€Å"he was seen as a weak ruler who failed to deliver on land reform promises made to Mexican citizens.† Why did the Mexican revolution start? The Mexican revolution may have consisted of the longest serving serving president, but that is exactly what started the revolution in the first place and ending in almost every revolutionary leader being assassinated and 900,000 people being killed. during this long lasting revolution all started by Diaz. the long term president Diaz started off good as most people may say, but ended up causing a revolution because of his manipulative long service. the middle class was fed up and made a movement, in which started it all. The reason the middle class was to the point of revoult was because Diaz created a stable political system thatShow MoreRelatedThe Major Economic Problems That Have Plagued Latin America1497 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica in the 20th century? During the 20th century Latin America went through a change after the U.S made the clam to directly defend Latin America. 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